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What is ED?

ED is the commonly used abbreviation for erectile dysfunction. In the United States, more than 26 million men over the age of 40 are believed to suffer from either occasional or chronic erectile dysfunction. However, most men don’t realize how common the problem is or what causes it to occur. To understand why ED happens, one must first under the physiology of the erection.

Understanding the Erection Process

The penis consists of several parts, but for an erection the corpora cavernosa are among the most important. These are chambers that run the length of the penis on both sides. The chambers aren’t empty. They hold tissue which, in turn, holds smooth muscle. Also in those chambers are veins and arteries that supply blood to the penis as needed.

If a man becomes aroused, his body sends signals to his brain to begin releasing specific chemicals that causes the smooth muscles in the penis to relax. When that happens, the blood can flow more easily into the corpora cavernosa. This causes an engorgement of the penis and results in the erection. However, there is also a membrane surrounding these chambers and that membrane must move into place to keep the blood from flowing back out of the penis. All of this is controlled by an enzyme know as cGMP.

When a man achieves orgasm and ejaculates, the contractions from this act cause the membrane to release and to allow the blood to flow out of the penis.

Problems with the Erection Process

While most men don’t think about all of the steps required for them to achieve and maintain an erection, the process is quite complex. That’s why it’s not surprising that problems in the process are common even among younger men who sometimes have troubles due to psychological issues, such as nervousness, guilt, and insecurity.

Men who have chronic health problems are more likely to suffer from erectile dysfunction, particularly with diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis which can cause circulation problems in the first place. In some cases, health problems don’t allow the muscle to relax sufficiently inside the corpora cavernosa so blood cannot properly fill the penis.

Nerve damage can also cause the brain not to properly receive the signals needed to release the enzymes or the membrane can fail to do its job which means men cannot keep their erection long enough to engage in sexual activity.

Who is a Candidate for ED?

Any man can suffer from erectile dysfunction, regardless of his age or health. However, some men are more likely to suffer from the condition than others. The risk does increase with age. Most sufferers fall into the 40 and over age category. Roughly 75% of men who have ED can have their problems traced back to a physical cause; another 20% can contribute their problem to psychological or stress-related causes. Smokers are at increased risk because of their reduced levels of the male hormone, testosterone.